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Harvard University(哈佛大学)

共收录 140
2502.15131 2026-07-15 math.ST cs.LG stat.ME stat.ML stat.TH 版本更新

Optimal and Provable Calibration in High-Dimensional Binary Classification: Angular Calibration and Platt Scaling

高维二分类中的最优且可证明的校准:角度校准与Platt缩放

Yufan Li, Pragya Sur

机构 * Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 针对高维高斯特征下的线性二分类器,提出基于估计权重与真实权重夹角的角度校准方法,证明其可校准且唯一Bregman最优,并揭示Platt缩放在高维下收敛于该最优解。

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2312.17670 2026-07-15 cs.CV cs.LG q-bio.QM q-bio.TO 版本更新

The TopCoW Challenge -- Topology-Aware Circle of Willis Segmentation for CT and MR Angiography

TopCoW挑战——用于CT和MR血管造影的拓扑感知Willis环分割

Kaiyuan Yang, Fabio Musio, Yihui Ma, Norman Juchler, Johannes C. Paetzold, Rami Al-Maskari, Luciano Höher, Hongwei Bran Li, Ibrahim Ethem Hamamci, Anjany Sekuboyina, Suprosanna Shit, Houjing Huang, Chinmay Prabhakar, Ezequiel de la Rosa, Bastian Wittmann, Diana Waldmannstetter, Florian Kofler, Fernando Navarro, Martin J. Menten, Ivan Ezhov, Daniel Rueckert, Iris N. Vos, Ynte M. Ruigrok, Birgitta K. Velthuis, Hugo J. Kuijf, Pengcheng Shi, Wei Liu, Ting Ma, Maximilian R. Rokuss, Yannick Kirchhoff, Fabian Isensee, Klaus Maier-Hein, Chengcheng Zhu, Huilin Zhao, Philippe Bijlenga, Julien Hämmerli, Catherine Wurster, Laura Westphal, Jeroen Bisschop, Elisa Colombo, Hakim Baazaoui, Hannah-Lea Handelsmann, Andrew Makmur, James Hallinan, Amrish Soundararajan, Benedikt Wiestler, Jan S. Kirschke, Evamaria O. Riedel, Roland Wiest, Emmanuel Montagnon, Laurent Letourneau-Guillon, Kwanseok Oh, Dahye Lee, Orhun Utku Aydin, Adam Hilbert, Jana Rieger, Dimitrios Rallios, Satoru Tanioka, Alexander Koch, Dietmar Frey, Abdul Qayyum, Moona Mazher, Steven Niederer, Nico Disch, Julius C. Holzschuh, Dominic LaBella, Francesco Galati, Daniele Falcetta, Maria A. Zuluaga, Chaolong Lin, Haoran Zhao, Zehan Zhang, Minghui Zhang, Xin You, Hanxiao Zhang, Guang-Zhong Yang, Yun Gu, Sinyoung Ra, Jongyun Hwang, Hyunjin Park, Junqiang Chen, Marek Wodzinski, Henning Müller, Nesrin Mansouri, Florent Autrusseau, Cansu Yalcin, Rachika E. Hamadache, Clara Lisazo, Joaquim Salvi, Adrià Casamitjana, Xavier Lladó, Uma Maria Lal-Trehan Estrada, Valeriia Abramova, Luca Giancardo, Arnau Oliver, Paula Casademunt, Adrian Galdran, Matteo Delucchi, Oscar Camara, Jialu Liu, Haibin Huang, Yue Cui, Zehang Lin, Yusheng Liu, Shunzhi Zhu, Tatsat R. Patel, Adnan H. Siddiqui, Vincent M. Tutino, Maysam Orouskhani, Huayu Wang, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Yuki Sato, Sven Hirsch, Susanne Wegener, Bjoern Menze

机构 * Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Institute of Computational Life Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Waedenswil, Switzerland Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Radiology at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, USA Institute for Tissue Engineering School of Computation, Information Technology, Technical University of Munich, Germany Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA School of Medicine Health, TUM Klinikum, Technical University of Munich, Germany Munich Center for Machine Learning, Munich, Germany Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK Image Sciences Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Neurology Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Electronic \& Information Engineering School, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), China Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Faculty of Mathematics Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Germany Helmholtz Imaging, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany Data Science School for Health, Karlsruhe/Heidelberg, Germany Learning Group, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore University of Chicago, USA Department of Diagnostic Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Berne University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada DEEPNOID Inc., Seoul, South Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea Charité Lab for AI in Medicine (CLAIM), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Hangzhou Genlight MedTech Co., Ltd., China Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Department of Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Electrical Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea Shanghai MediWorks Precision Instruments Co., Ltd., China Institute of Informatics, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Switzerland Department of Measurement Electronics, AGH University of Krakow, Poland Laboratoire de Thermique et Energie de Nantes (LTeN), Université Nantes, Polytech’Nantes, Nantes, France Research Institute of Computer Vision Center for Precision Health, McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA Physense, BCN-Medtech, Department of Communication Information Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain Department of Mathematical Modeling Machine Learning, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Laboratory of Brain Atlas Brain-inspired Intelligence, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China School of Computer Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, NY, USA Department of Pathology Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, NY, USA Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, NY, USA LPIXEL Inc., Tokyo, Japan

AI总结 组织TopCoW基准挑战,发布含125对MRA和CTA扫描的注释数据集,参与者提交CoW分割和变体分类算法,经评估,最佳算法在多任务中表现出色,证明CoW分割算法对下游临床应用有可解释性效用。

Comments Summary paper for the TopCoW Challenge: 4 figures, 1 table, and supplementary material in appendix. Accepted for publication in NEJM AI. Datasets and best-performing algorithm Dockers are available at https://zenodo.org/records/15692630 and https://zenodo.org/records/15665435

Journal ref NEJM AI 2026;3(8)

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2606.27537 2026-07-14 cs.CV 版本更新

MemoBench: Benchmarking World Modeling in Dynamically Changing Environments

MemoBench: 动态变化环境中的世界建模基准测试

Haoyu Chen, Kaichen Zhou, Hang Hua, Kaile Zhang, Jingwen Qian, Wufei Ma, Haonan Chen, Chunjiang Liu, Yizhou Zhao, Xiaoyuan Wang, Weiyue Li, Alan Yuille, Paul Pu Liang, Yilun Du

机构 * Harvard University(哈佛大学) MIT(麻省理工学院) MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab(MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室) Boston University(波士顿大学) Google(谷歌) JHU(约翰霍普金斯大学) CMU(卡内基梅隆大学) Kempner Institute(肯普纳研究所)

AI总结 提出MemoBench基准,通过目标消失-重现范式评估视频生成模型在动态环境中的记忆一致性,涵盖合成与真实场景,揭示现有模型的关键挑战。

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2603.01331 2026-07-14 cs.CL cs.AI cs.LG 版本更新

MetaState: Persistent Working Memory Enhances Reasoning in Discrete Diffusion Language Models

MetaState: 持久工作记忆增强离散扩散语言模型的推理能力

Kejing Xia, Mingzhe Li, Lixuan Wei, Zhenbang Du, Xiangchi Yuan, Dachuan Shi, Qirui Jin, Wenke Lee

机构 * Georgia Institute of Technology(佐治亚理工学院) University of Massachusetts Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校) Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 MetaState通过引入轻量级循环增强模块,为冻结的离散扩散语言模型提供持久固定大小的工作记忆,提升推理性能,平均提升4.5%。

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2601.15353 2026-07-14 stat.AP cs.LG stat.ML 版本更新

Reinforcement Learning in the Real World: A Survey of Statistical Challenges and Future Directions

现实世界中的强化学习:统计挑战与未来方向综述

Asim H. Gazi, Yongyi Guo, Daiqi Gao, Ziping Xu, Kelly W. Zhang, Susan A. Murphy

机构 * Department of Computer Science, Harvard University(哈佛大学计算机科学系) Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin–Madison(威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校统计学系) Department of Statistics, Harvard University(哈佛大学统计学系) School of Data Science and Society, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill(北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校数据科学与社会学院) Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London(伦敦帝国理工学院数学系)

AI总结 本文综述现实世界强化学习应用,指出其研究与部署存在差距及两大挑战。将应用框架化为三部分过程,回顾应对统计挑战的进展,涵盖在线、离线方法及持续改进设计,还概述受应用启发的未来研究方向。

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2507.05972 2026-07-14 cs.CC cs.CR cs.LG 版本更新

Generalized and Unified Equivalences between Hardness and Pseudoentropy

硬度与伪熵之间的广义统一等价关系

Lunjia Hu, Salil Vadhan

机构 * Northeastern University(东北大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 研究计算硬度与计算随机性的关系,证明统一伪熵刻画,适用于一般熵概念族,由单个通用函数见证。通过权重受限校准等技术,证明增强引理,相比前人刻画在字母表大小依赖上有指数级改进且此依赖不可避免。

Comments Accepted to TCC 2025

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2403.14926 2026-07-13 stat.ML cs.LG 版本更新

Contrastive Learning on Multimodal Analysis of Electronic Health Records

电子健康记录多模态分析中的对比学习

Tianxi Cai, Feiqing Huang, Ryumei Nakada, Linjun Zhang, Doudou Zhou

机构 * Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health(哈佛T.H. 柏林公共卫生学院) Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院) Rutgers University(罗格斯大学) National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学)

AI总结 研究针对电子健康记录多模态数据传统分析方法不足,提出多模态特征嵌入生成模型及对比损失来学习特征表示,经理论分析、模拟研究和真实数据验证,该方法有效且具隐私保护特性,展现了多模态学习优势。

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2601.00473 2026-07-10 cs.LG cs.AI 版本更新

Deep Neural Networks as Discrete Dynamical Systems: Implications for Physics-Informed Learning

深度神经网络作为离散动力系统:对物理信息学习的启示

Abhisek Ganguly, Santosh Ansumali, Sauro Succi

机构 * Engineering Mechanics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research(纳拉扬·德赛高级科学研究中心工程力学单元) Italian Institute of Technology(意大利理工学院) University of Roma Tre(罗马三大学) Physics Department, Harvard University(哈佛大学物理系) Cornell University(康奈尔大学)

AI总结 本文探讨了深度神经网络与离散动力系统之间的类比,通过比较Burgers方程和Eikonal方程的数值/精确解与PINNs获得的解,展示了PINN学习在近似相同系统动力学时提供了一种不同的计算路径,同时指出PINNs的密集参数表示在高维情况下可能具有优势。

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2604.13356 2026-07-10 cs.CL cs.AI cs.GT 版本更新

Peer-Predictive Self-Training for Language Model Reasoning

同伴预测自训练用于语言模型推理

Shi Feng, Hanlin Zhang, Fan Nie, Sham Kakade, Yiling Chen

机构 * Harvard University(哈佛大学) Stanford University(斯坦福大学)

AI总结 本文提出PST框架,通过多模型协作利用交叉模型聚合响应作为内部训练信号,提升数学推理任务的准确率并减少生成-验证差距。

Comments 22 pages, 5 figures

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2602.10155 2026-07-10 eess.IV cs.CV 版本更新

Data-Driven Registration and Modeling of Brain Deformation for Image-Guided Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review

数据驱动的图像配准与变形建模在图像引导神经外科中的应用:系统综述

Tiago Assis, Colin P. Galvin, Joshua P. Castillo, Nazim Haouchine, Marta Kersten-Oertel, Zeyu Gao, Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar, Stephen J. Price, Thomas Santarius, Yangming Ou, Sarah Frisken, Nuno C. Garcia, Alexandra J. Golby, Reuben Dorent, Ines P. Machado

机构 * LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon(里斯本大学科学学院LASIGE) Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院布里洛妇女医院神经外科与放射科) Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University(康科迪亚大学工程与计算机科学学院) Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学癌症研究英国中心) Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学肿瘤科) Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学临床神经科学系) Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP) and Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院波士顿儿童医院计算健康信息学计划与放射科) Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM(索邦大学巴黎脑研究所-ICM)

AI总结 系统综述2020-2025年间基于学习的脑变形补偿方法,包括深度学习配准、变形场回归、多模态对齐、切除感知架构及混合模型,指出当前方法在鲁棒性、标准化基准、可解释性和临床部署方面的局限,并展望未来研究方向。

Comments 41 pages, 7 figures, 9 tables. Accepted at Medical Image Analysis

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2510.07328 2026-07-10 cs.LG cs.AI cs.CV cs.CY 版本更新

MultiFair: Multimodal Balanced Fairness-Aware Medical Classification with Dual-Level Gradient Modulation

MultiFair:具有双级梯度调制的多模态平衡公平感知医学分类

Md Zubair, Hao Zheng, Grayson W. Armstrong, Lucy Q. Shen, Gabriela Wilson, Yu Tian, Xingquan Zhu

机构 * School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette(路易斯安那州立大学拉法叶分校计算机与信息学学院) Louisiana Center for Health Innovation and College of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Louisiana at Lafayette(路易斯安那州立大学拉法叶分校健康创新中心及护理与健康科学学院) Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院马萨诸塞眼耳医院) Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida(佛罗里达州立大学计算机科学系) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University(佛罗里达Atlantic大学电子工程与计算机科学系)

AI总结 针对多模态医学分类中数据模态学习不均衡和模型对特定群体不公平的问题,提出MultiFair方法,通过双级梯度调制过程动态调整训练梯度,在多数据集上评估,有效解决了上述挑战。

Comments This work has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

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2605.23145 2026-07-09 stat.ML cs.LG math.ST stat.ME stat.TH 版本更新

Operationalizing Individual Fairness via Gradient Descent and Bradley-Terry Models

通过梯度下降和Bradley-Terry模型实现个体公平性

Conlan Olson, Linjun Zhang, Zhun Deng, Pragya Sur

机构 * Columbia University(哥伦比亚大学) Rutgers University(罗格斯大学) UNC Chapel Hill(北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校) Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 提出一种从三元组查询中学习马氏距离度量的算法,结合谱初始化与梯度下降,在非凸损失下快速收敛到真实度量,并证明估计度量下的个体公平性足以近似真实度量下的公平性。

Comments 60 pages, 2 figures

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2602.05088 2026-07-09 cs.AI 版本更新

AI Chatbot Suicide Risk Detection and Response: Human Validation Study of the Open-Source VERA-MH Safety Evaluation

人工智能聊天机器人自杀风险检测与应对:开源VERA-MH安全评估的人工验证研究

Kate H. Bentley, Luca Belli, Adam M. Chekroud, Emily J. Ward, Emily R. Dworkin, Emily Van Ark, Kelly M. Johnston, Will Alexander, Millard Brown, Matt Hawrilenko

机构 * Spring Health Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院) UC Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校) Yale University(耶鲁大学)

AI总结 研究针对人工智能聊天机器人用于心理支持时的安全性评估问题,以VERA-MH为基准,模拟用户与聊天机器人对话,通过持牌临床医生和基于LLM的评估器评级,验证了VERA-MH在检测自杀风险方面的可靠性,为后续研究指明方向。

Journal ref JMIR AI. 2026;5

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2602.08923 2026-07-09 cs.LG cs.DC cs.NI 版本更新

DynamiQ: Accelerating Gradient Synchronization using Compressed Multi-hop All-reduce

DynamiQ:使用压缩多跳全规约加速梯度同步

Wenchen Han, Shay Vargaftik, Michael Mitzenmacher, Ran Ben Basat

机构 * University College London(伦敦大学) VMware Research by Broadcom(VMware由Broadcom进行的研究) Harvard University(哈佛大学) Broadcom

AI总结 研究针对大规模模型训练中网络成瓶颈的问题,提出DynamiQ量化框架,引入新技术并设计融合内核,扩展PyTorch DDP支持,在不同场景下比现有方法最多提升34.2%。

Comments 17 pages, 19 figures. Accepted to ACM SIGCOMM 2026

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2602.06285 2026-07-09 cs.CV 版本更新

MMEarth-Bench: Global Model Adaptation via Multimodal Test-Time Training

MMEarth-Bench:通过多模态测试时训练进行全局模型适配

Lucia Gordon, Serge Belongie, Christian Igel, Nico Lang

机构 * Harvard University, USA(哈佛大学,美国) University of Copenhagen, Denmark(哥本哈根大学,丹麦)

AI总结 研究针对地理空间机器学习中现有基准数据集不足,引入含多模态任务的MMEarth-Bench,通过多模态测试时训练方法提升模型性能,改善地理泛化能力。

Comments Published at ECCV 2026

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2606.28757 2026-07-08 cs.CV cs.RO 版本更新

A Physics-Grounded Benchmark for Multi-Agent Dynamics in World Models

基于物理的多智能体动力学世界模型基准

Nuo Chen, Lulin Liu, Zihao Li, Ziyao Zeng, Zihao Zhu, Wenyan Cong, Junyuan Hong, Yunhao Yang, Zhengzhong Tu, Yan Wang, Boris Ivanovic, Marco Pavone, Zhangyang Wang, Yang Zhou, Zhiwen Fan

机构 * Texas A&M University(德克萨斯大学) University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学) Marquette University(马奎特大学) Yale University(耶鲁大学) University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校) Massachusetts General Hospital(麻省总医院) Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院) NVIDIA(英伟达) Stanford University(斯坦福大学)

AI总结 提出CrashTwin框架,通过多智能体碰撞场景数据集和校准无关重建流程,从时空一致性、动量与动能守恒、世界动力学完整性三个维度评估世界模型的物理可信度。

Comments 34 pages, 9 figures, 12 tables

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2604.23931 2026-07-08 quant-ph cs.AI 版本更新

Do Quantum Transformers Help? A Systematic VQC Architecture Comparison on Tabular Benchmarks

量子变换器有帮助吗?在表格基准上的系统VQC架构比较

Chi-Sheng Chen, En-Jui Kuo

机构 * Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center \& Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu, Taiwan

AI总结 本文系统比较了四种VQC架构在回归和分类任务中的表现,发现FC-VQC在参数更少的情况下性能更优,且量子自注意力作用有限,同时指出表达能力在电路深度约3时饱和。

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2502.15631 2026-07-08 cs.LG cs.AI 版本更新

The relationship between reasoning and performance in large language models--o3 (mini) thinks harder, not longer

大语言模型中推理与性能的关系——o3(mini)思考更深入,而非更久

Marthe Ballon, Andres Algaba, Vincent Ginis

机构 * Data Analytics Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel(布鲁塞尔自由大学数据分析实验室) School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University(哈佛大学工程与应用科学学院)

AI总结 研究大语言模型推理与性能的关系,在Omni - MATH基准上分析o1 - mini和o3 - mini变体推理链长度,发现o3 - mini(m)无需更长推理链就能实现更高准确率,还表明推理链增长时准确率通常下降,为模型能力与推理长度关系提供新见解。

Comments 19 pages, 14 figures. Sci Rep (2026)

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2605.08678 2026-07-07 cs.LG 版本更新

MLS-Bench: A Holistic and Rigorous Assessment of AI Systems on Building Better AI

MLS-Bench:对构建更好AI的AI系统的全面且严格评估

Bohan Lyu, Yucheng Yang, Siqiao Huang, Jiaru Zhang, Qixin Xu, Xinghan Li, Xinyang Han, Yicheng Zhang, Huaqing Zhang, Runhan Huang, Kaicheng Yang, Zitao Chen, Wentao Guo, Junlin Yang, Xinyue Ai, Wenhao Chai, Yadi Cao, Ziran Yang, Kun Wang, Dapeng Jiang, Huan-ang Gao, Shange Tang, Chengshuai Shi, Simon S. Du, Max Simchowitz, Jiantao Jiao, Dawn Song, Chi Jin

机构 * UC Berkeley(伯克利大学) Princeton University(普林斯顿大学) Tsinghua University(清华大学) University of Washington(华盛顿大学) Purdue University(Purdue 大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学) University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学) Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学) UC San Diego(圣地亚哥大学) Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学)

AI总结 提出MLS-Bench基准,包含12个领域140个任务,评估AI系统能否发明通用且可扩展的机器学习方法,发现当前智能体在方法发明上仍远逊于人类,瓶颈在于科学洞察而非单纯搜索或计算。

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2604.09544 2026-07-07 cs.CL cs.AI cs.LG 版本更新

Large Language Models Generate Harmful Responses Using a Distinct Mechanism, Shared Across Harm Types

大语言模型通过一种独特的统一机制生成有害内容

Hadas Orgad, Boyi Wei, Kaden Zheng, Martin Wattenberg, Peter Henderson, Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant, Yonatan Belinkov

机构 * Kempner Institute, Harvard University(哈佛大学肯普纳研究所) Princeton University(普林斯顿大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学) Cohere Technion—IIT(以色列理工学院)

AI总结 研究通过权重剪枝揭示大语言模型中有害生成的内部结构,发现有害内容生成依赖于一组通用且与良性能力不同的权重,表明对齐训练重塑了有害表示,解释了领域微调引发的广泛对齐偏差。

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2603.05060 2026-07-07 cs.LG cs.IT math.IT 版本更新

Asymptotic Behavior of Multi--Task Learning: Implicit Regularization and Double Descent Effects

多任务学习的渐近行为:隐式正则化和双重下降效应

Ayed M. Alrashdi, Oussama Dhifallah, Houssem Sifaou

机构 * Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il(胡赛尔大学电气工程系,工程学院) John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University(哈佛大学约翰·A·保罗森工程与应用科学学院) Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, King’s College London – Strand(伦敦国王学院-街分校电气与电子工程系)

AI总结 研究多任务学习中通过利用相关任务共享信息改进泛化误差,对一种多任务公式进行渐近分析,确定多任务结合受益原因,还实证研究其对泛化误差影响。

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2509.10650 2026-07-07 q-bio.NC cs.CG cs.LG 版本更新

On a Geometry of Interbrain Networks

关于脑间网络的一种几何结构

Nicolás Hinrichs, Noah Guzmán, Melanie Weber

机构 * Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences(人类认知与脑科学研究所) Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology(冲绳科学和技术研究所) Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 受网络科学中几何见解成功整合启发,提出利用离散几何研究社交互动中神经交互动态重构,通过熵指标识别网络连通性关键转变,增强超扫描方法揭示神经机制的能力。

Comments 4 pages, 1 figure, 2 appendixes, accepted NeurIPS 2025 Workshop on Symmetry and Geometry in Neural Representations (NeurReps) and the Proceedings of the Geometry, Topology, and Machine Learning Workshop, PMLR 325:145-152

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2312.15320 2026-07-07 q-bio.QM cs.CV cs.LG cs.MM q-bio.GN 版本更新

GestaltMML: Enhancing Rare Genetic Disease Diagnosis through Multimodal Machine Learning Combining Facial Images and Clinical Text

GestaltMML:通过结合面部图像和临床文本的多模态机器学习增强罕见遗传病诊断

Da Wu, Zhanliang Wang, Hongzhuo Chen, Jingye Yang, Cong Liu, Tzung-Chien Hsieh, Elaine Marchi, Justin Blair, Peter Krawitz, Chunhua Weng, Wendy Chung, Gholson J. Lyon, Ian D. Krantz, Jennifer M. Kalish, Kai Wang

机构 * Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia(雷蒙德·G·佩尔曼细胞与分子治疗中心,费城儿童医院) Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania(数学系,宾夕法尼亚大学) Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center(生物医学信息学系,哥伦比亚大学伊万斯医疗中心) Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA(人类遗传学系,纽约州发育障碍基础研究机构,纽约州史泰登岛) Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia(人类遗传学部,费城儿童医院) Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School(儿科系,波士顿儿童医院,哈佛医学院) Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York(生物学博士项目,纽约市立大学研究生中心) Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania(遗传学系,宾夕法尼亚大学佩尔曼医学学院) Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania(儿科系,宾夕法尼亚大学佩尔曼医学学院) Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania(病理学与实验室医学系,宾夕法尼亚大学佩尔曼医学学院)

AI总结 研究针对罕见遗传病诊断难题,提出基于Transformer架构的多模态机器学习方法GestaltMML,整合面部图像、人口统计学信息和临床笔记,提升预测准确性,缩小诊断差距。

Comments Preprint updated

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2606.30217 2026-07-03 cs.CL 版本更新

Before Thinking, Learn to Decide: Proactive Routing for Efficient Visual Reasoning

在思考之前,先学会决策:面向高效视觉推理的主动路由

Yinan Zhou, Haokun Lin, Yichen Wu, Yuxin Chen, Teng Wang, Caifeng Shan, Zhenan Sun, Chen Ma, Li Zhu, Ying Shan

机构 * Xi’an Jiaotong University(西安交通大学) ARC Lab, Tencent IEG(腾讯IEG ARC实验室) City University of Hong Kong(香港城市大学) Institute of Automation, CAS(中国科学院自动化研究所) Harvard University(哈佛大学) Nanjing University(南京大学)

AI总结 提出主动路由范式PRP,通过联合评估草稿模型和目标模型的能力,实现早期决策,加速多模态推理而不牺牲性能。

Comments 36 pages, 20 figures

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2603.19226 2026-07-03 cs.CV 版本更新

Under One Sun: Multi-Object Generative Perception of Materials and Illumination

同一太阳下:材质与光照的多物体生成式感知

Nobuo Yoshii, Xinran Nicole Han, Ryo Kawahara, Todd Zickler, Ko Nishino

机构 * Kyoto University(京都大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学)

AI总结 提出MultiGP生成式逆渲染方法,利用同一场景物体共享光照的共识,从单张图像中随机采样反射率、纹理和光照,通过级联架构、协调调度、轴向注意力和纹理提取控制网络实现解耦。

Comments ECCV2026. Project page: https://vision.ist.i.kyoto-u.ac.jp/research/onesun/

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2603.17212 2026-07-03 cs.GT cs.AI cs.LG 版本更新

Adaptive Contracts for Cost-Effective AI Delegation

面向成本效益的AI委托自适应合同

Eden Saig, Tamar Garbuz, Ariel D. Procaccia, Inbal Talgam-Cohen, Jamie Tucker-Foltz

机构 * Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学) Technion -- Israel Institute of Technology(技术学院——以色列理工学院) California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院) Yale School of Management(耶鲁管理学院)

AI总结 针对AI委托中评估噪声导致支付增加的问题,提出自适应合同机制,通过选择性详细评估降低成本,并给出最优合同计算算法与实证验证。

Comments ICML 2026

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2511.05150 2026-07-03 cs.CV cs.AI 版本更新

Towards Cellular-Scale Interpretability in Pathology Foundation Models for Biomarker Assessment

面向生物标志物评估的病理基础模型中的细胞级可解释性

Jingsong Liu, Han Li, Zhengyang Xu, Franz-Leonard Klaus, Fabian Stögbauer, Shihui Zu, Weiwei Zhou, Atsuko Kasajima, Felix Schicktanz, Alexander Muckenhuber, Julius Shakhtour, Jiale Yu, Tiannan Zheng, Xun Ma, Maggie Wang, Christian Grashei, Bao Li, Guiyang Jiang, Hongming Xu, Shaohua Kevin Zhou, Nassir Navab, Peter J. Schüffler

机构 * Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑技术大学病理学研究所) School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑技术大学计算、信息与技术学院) Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML)(慕尼黑机器学习中心) Computer Aided Medical Procedures (CAMP), Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑技术大学计算机辅助医疗程序中心) School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology(大连理工大学医学院生物医学工程学院) Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University(赤峰大学附属医院) Center for Medical Imaging, Robotics, and Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE), Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, USTC, Suzhou, China(苏州先进研究院医学影像、机器人与分析计算与学习中心) Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院生物医学信息学系) The First Hospital and the College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University(中国医科大学第一医院及基础医学科学学院) Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI)(慕尼黑数据科学研究所)

AI总结 提出Hireca病理基础模型和CytoMap可解释性模块,在10项生物标志物任务中多数领先,提供细胞级证据定位,实现透明可审查的生物标志物评估。

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2606.29672 2026-07-01 cs.CL 版本更新

How LLMs See Creativity: Zero-Shot Scoring of Visual Creativity with Interpretable Reasoning

LLM如何看待创造力:具有可解释推理的视觉创造力零样本评分

William Orwig, Roger E. Beaty

机构 * Harvard University(哈佛大学) Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)

AI总结 研究多模态大模型能否零样本评估视觉创造力,并分析其推理过程的可解释性。实验表明模型评分与人类高度一致,但推理并未提升评分准确性。

Comments 21 pages, 9 figures

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2606.02301 2026-07-01 cs.HC cs.AI cs.CV 版本更新

Quantitative Movement Testing: Measuring Chronic Pain Patient Movements from a Single Smartphone Video

定量运动测试:从单部智能手机视频测量患者运动

Pranav Mahajan, Amanda Wall, Eleonora Maria Camerone, Julie Stebbins, Eoin Kelleher, Shuangyi Tong, Annina Schmid, Katja Wiech, Anushka Irani, Ben Seymour

机构 * Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford(临床神经科学系,Nuffield大学,牛津大学) Max Planck Institute of Biological Cybernetics(生物信息学研究所) Oxford Gait Laboratory, University of Oxford(牛津大学步态实验室) Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院) Massachusetts General Hospital(麻省总医院) Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford(生物医学工程研究所,牛津大学) Mayo Clinic(梅奥诊所)

AI总结 提出基于计算机视觉的定量运动测试(QMT)方法,利用深度学习3D姿态估计从单目智能手机视频提取运动生物标志物,在实验室验证中与光学运动捕捉高度一致(r>0.85),并在纤维肌痛和慢性坐骨神经痛患者中展示了可靠性和纵向监测能力。

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2603.11001 2026-07-01 cs.CY cs.AI 版本更新

RCTs for Frontier AI Governance: Methodological Challenges and Solutions for Human Uplift Studies

随机对照试验与人类提升研究:前沿AI评估的方法论挑战与实践解决方案

Patricia Paskov, Kevin Wei, Shen Zhou Hong, Dan Bateyko, Xavier Roberts-Gaal, Carson Ezell, Gailius Praninskas, Valerie Chen, Umang Bhatt, Ella Guest

机构 * RAND Johns Hopkins University(约翰霍普金斯大学) Cornell University(康奈尔大学) Harvard University(哈佛大学) University of Cambridge(剑桥大学) London School of Economics(伦敦经济学院)

AI总结 本文通过访谈16位专家,系统梳理了人类提升研究(测量AI对人类绩效影响)在随机对照试验中面临的方法论挑战,包括内部效度、外部效度和构念效度问题,并提出了相应的解决方案。

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