We present the results of a combined theoretical and experimental investigation into the vertical dynamics of floating discs subjected to an imposed time-periodic forcing. The axisymmetric and inviscid wavefield is governed by a linear elliptic boundary value problem with mixed boundary conditions, wherein the no-penetration boundary condition is satisfied under the disc while the free surface boundary conditions are enforced away from it. The problem is solved by recasting the system of partial differential equations as a second-kind Fredholm integral equation which is then solved numerically. The solution furnishes a prediction for the dependence of the disc's oscillation amplitude on the forcing frequency, which exhibits excellent agreement with experiments. We interpret our results physically by computing the added mass, wave damping and effective spring coefficients of the disc, both numerically for a range of forcing frequencies and analytically in the low-frequency limit.

Prescribed trace/norm estimates and Soto-Andrade-type sums control whole fibers or related global character sums. We prove a coset-refined trace theorem for cubic norm-one tori. Let $B/\mathbb{F}_q$ be finite étale cubic, $\operatorname{char}\mathbb{F}_q\ne2,3$, and let $T_B=\ker(\operatorname{N}_{B/\mathbb{F}_q}:\operatorname{Res}_{B/\mathbb{F}_q}\mathbb{G}_m\to\mathbb{G}_m)$. For every subgroup $H\subset T_B(\mathbb{F}_q)$ of index $m$, every coset $gH$, every $γ\in B^\times$, and every smooth fiber $\operatorname{Tr}(γh)=s$, $s^3\ne27\operatorname{N}(γ)$, we prove $N_{gH,B}(s;γ)=m^{-1}N_B(s,\operatorname{N}γ)+E_{gH,B}(s;γ)$, with $|E_{gH,B}(s;γ)|\le3(1-1/m)\sqrt q$. The geometric input is a Picard-Kummer kernel calculation: no nontrivial torus character becomes geometrically constant on a smooth trace/norm curve, so nontrivial coset character sums have square-root cancellation. On the nodal boundary $s^3=27\operatorname{N}(γ)$, the kernel degenerates exactly to a cyclic cubic Kummer kernel. Its Frobenius-fixed part is the sole source of order-$q$ bias; after removing that explicit projection, remaining characters again have square-root cancellation up to bounded normalization/node correction. The same geometry gives local branch theory for $\operatorname{Tr}_A(γη^n)=c$ over finite étale cubic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-algebras, $p\ge5$. The logarithmic tangent and trace-dual codifferent coordinates identify singular branches: nondegenerate classes have quadratic Hensel models, while the genuinely affine degenerate class has a cubic first-obstruction model; in full norm-fiber orbits singular branch counting reduces to one cubic norm equation.

IP geolocation databases are widely used in research, policy, and industry, yet their accuracy across network types and geographies remains poorly characterized. We present a large scale evaluation of four major providers (MaxMind GeoLite2, IPinfo, IP2Location, and DB-IP) using ground truth from RIPE Atlas and UNICEF Giga across 175 countries. We find that mobile networks exhibit median errors more than 10 times higher than fixed networks across all providers (179--207~km vs.\ 3--16~km), and that Global South regions show significantly higher failure rates than Global North: Asia exceeds 53--61\% and Africa 66--72\%, compared to 9--20\% in Europe. We trace both gaps to a shared structural source: provider prefixes in mobile networks and Global South geographies are more likely to be coarser than BGP announcements, and approximately 70\% of mobile prefixes span more than 100~km geographically. Our findings point to prefix granularity as a common explanatory factor: coarser prefixes consistently produce the highest errors regardless of provider, network type, or geography.

The identification of unconventional pairing in two-dimensional materials is a central challenge in modern condensed matter physics. While chiral p-wave superconductivity offers a promising platform for topological quantum computing, its detection remains elusive due to the inherent limitations of optical probes in the two-dimensional limit. We propose the anomalous acoustoelectric effect as a robust, alternative to optical signature of p-wave paring symmetry. We demonstrate that an acoustic wave induces a transverse dc current resulting in a measurable condensate phase difference on sample boundaries originating from the anisotropic scattering of quasiparticles in the absence of an external magnetic field. Crucially, the quasiparticle-mediated acoustoelectric response dominates near the critical temperature and, unlike the superconducting condensate, is not suppressed by electron-hole asymmetry factor. These results establish the anomalous acoustoelectric effect as a high-sensitivity electrical probe of the chiral order parameter, providing a tool for experimental detecting of unconventional pairing in superconductors.

Classical optimal auction theory assumes that bids reach the seller directly. We study how this picture changes when a revenue-maximizing intermediary controls access to the seller's auction. Motivated by blockchain auctions, online platforms, and other intermediated markets, we consider a single-item auction with independent private values and a monopolist intermediary who can decide which bidder messages are forwarded to the seller. We establish approximation guarantees and impossibility results across three timing models: seller-first, intermediary-first, and simultaneous. In the seller-first model, arbitrary deterministic seller mechanisms collapse to posted-price mechanisms, and the intermediary's best response is a shifted Myerson auction. This yields a sharp separation: for regular distributions, the seller's revenue can be arbitrarily small relative to the no-intermediary optimum, while for $α$-strongly regular distributions, posted prices recover a constant fraction of the optimum with a tight dependence on $α$. We further show that timing matters: neither Stackelberg order uniformly dominates, and simultaneous play can leave both parties unboundedly worse off than in either sequential model.

LLM-based software engineering increasingly depends on executable, context-rich bug artifacts: paired correct and buggy code, methods under test (MUTs), documentation, and metadata. These artifacts support the training and evaluation of automated bug localization and repair techniques, testing and test oracle generation methods, and documentation-driven automation. Although curated benchmarks (e.g., Defects4J) remain valuable, they are static and increasingly vulnerable to contamination as code models are trained on large public corpora. A complementary strategy is to generate fresh, cutoff-aware datasets by selecting real system versions and injecting controlled bugs at the source level. Mutation testing is a natural basis for this strategy: it applies predefined mutation operators to programs and records whether the existing test suite detects each injected change. PIT is a state-of-the-practice mutation testing tool for Java that performs mutation at the bytecode level. This design makes mutation testing fast and practical, but PITMuS reports mutants primarily through XML, making them difficult to inspect, replay, or reuse as structured source-level dataset records. To address this gap, we present PITMuS, which combines PITMuS XML metadata with debug information from compiled Java class files to localize and reconstruct the source edit corresponding to each mutant. PITMuS then automatically produces structured datasets containing source-level buggy and fixed code pairs, documentation context, and metadata for downstream training and evaluation. Although we evaluate PITMuS on eight open-source Java systems, it can be applied to any Java system where PITMuS can be integrated.

We further develop the proposal in Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ \textbf{136} 071501 that interprets stochastic inflation as an open quantum system, by constructing the open effective field theory for the reduced density matrix of long wavelength modes. We clarify that this open effective field theory enjoys two renormalization group flows: the conventional Wilsonian channel, and a stochastic channel arising from the openness that has no counterpart in ordinary Wilsonian effective field theory. Focusing on the stochastic channel in the hard cutoff scheme, we identify both Gaussian and non-Gaussian diffusion as effective operators in the influence functional, and show that they are required by matching onto correlators and form factors of the perturbative full theory through a method-of-region in time. Beyond Gaussian order, the matching data are no longer local Wilson coefficients but nonlocal and non-Markovian Wilson kernels. We then obtain the bare Hamiltonian density of this open effective field theory and derive its nonlocal functional master equations, including the Fokker-Planck equation for the diagonal density matrix and the Klein-Kramers equation for the Wigner functional, with their zero-modess simplifications discussed. Finally, we take a first step toward a continuum version of this open effective field theory, replacing the hard cutoff by an analytic regulator in the stochastic channel, and demonstrate stochastic renormalization using a massive scalar as an example.

The global existence of classical solutions to the 3D compressible magneto-micropolar fluid system without resistivity and spin viscosity in a strip domain was recently established by Feng, Hong, and Zhu [Sci. China Math., 2024]. While Lin and Xiang [Sci. China Math., 2020] established global well-posedness for the 2D incompressible counterpart, the global well-posedness for the 3D incompressible case remains open. The analysis is rendered difficult by three major obstacles which are further compounded in the 3D case: the degeneracy induced by the lack of magnetic diffusion and spin viscosity; the coupling between micro-rotation and velocity fields characterized by a non-dissipative anti-symmetric structure; and the interaction between the velocity, magnetic field, and pressure, where the pressure acts as a non-state variable. In this paper, by adapting the two-layer energy method of Guo and Tice [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 2013] and the techniques employed in Feng et al., together with refined trace estimates, we overcome these difficulties and establish the global well-posedness of classical solutions to the 3D incompressible magneto-micropolar fluid system without resistivity and spin viscosity in a strip domain. Moreover, we demonstrate the algebraic time-decay of solutions toward the equilibrium.

Unidirectional electromagnetic absorption provides a powerful approach for controlling light and heat, yet broadband realization in the infrared spectral region remains experimentally unexplored. Here, we report a non-Hermitian multilayer structure that enables robust broadband infrared unidirectional absorption. By combining low- and high-loss materials and engineering their thicknesses using the transfer-matrix formulation, the structure exhibits nearly perfect absorption spectrally matched to the blackbody radiation at 373 K under forward illumination, while suppressing backward absorption below 30%. Spectral analysis indicates that the observed unidirectionality originates from non-Hermitian physics near an exceptional point. Notably, broadband unidirectional absorption is achieved even without strict exceptional-point condition. This indicates that the observed unidirectionality is governed by the combination effect of loss distribution and optical interference, rather than a singular condition, ensuring robustness against film thickness variations. Furthermore, thermal shielding experiments demonstrate that the structure enables unidirectional control of thermal radiation, resulting in a temperature difference of up to 21 0C between forward and backward configurations. These results establish a robust strategy for broadband directional control of infrared radiation, with potential applications in passive thermal management, including thermal smart windows and infrared heat-shielding devices.

Strong-field high-harmonic generation (HHG) is conventionally described semiclassically, with the driving laser treated as a classical field. This approximation becomes insufficient in nanoscale interaction geometries, where extreme spatial confinement raises the vacuum-field amplitude to the ~10^-2 level relative to the driving-field amplitude. When the quantum fluctuations of the driving field are redistributed between conjugate quadratures by squeezing, they can be directly imprinted onto macroscopic HHG observables. To model this interaction, we employ a Wigner phase-space approach that maps the quantum-optical driver onto a stochastic ensemble of time-dependent Schrodinger equation realizations. Although each realization remains classically simulable, the sub-vacuum quadrature covariance structure of squeezed states cannot be reproduced by any field admitting a non-negative Glauber-Sudarshan P-representation. Within this single-mode Gaussian framework, we show that amplitude squeezing suppresses the shot-to-shot variance of the HHG cutoff below the standard quantum limit (SQL). To leading order in the vacuum-to-driver ratio, the normalized cutoff variance decays exponentially with the squeezing parameter, independent of the absolute vacuum-field amplitude and therefore robust against uncertainties in the effective nanoscale mode volume. A subleading phase-noise contribution from the anti-squeezed quadrature produces a variance minimum near r_opt ~ 1.6, providing a concrete experimental target. These results establish the HHG cutoff variance ratio as a nonlinear, self-calibrating Heisenberg witness in which sub-SQL scaling directly reflects the redistribution of quantum uncertainty in the driving field.

We propose a three-cavity scheme to realize full control of the emitter-cavity coupling strength in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). The involvement of coupled oscillators gives rise to transient dynamics comprising multiple spectral components, which significantly increases the numerical cost to resolve the fluorescence spectrum in the time domain. A generalized sensor method is hence developed to simplify the calculation process for the characterization of nonstationary quantum dynamics. Multi-modal spectroscopy reveals the emergence, splitting, and disappearance of supermodes in real time. Based on the depletion of the zero-energy supermode, ultrafast switching of Rabi oscillations is demonstrated for time-domain multi-modal spectroscopy. These results exhibit a consistent picture from the spectral control of multiple oscillators to the quantum observation in ultrafast dynamics, which establishes the sensor method as a powerful theoretical tool for the ultrafast spectroscopy of cQED systems.

We study fixed-cardinality maximization of the inverse-matrix Solow--Polasky diversity, equivalently finite metric magnitude for the exponential kernel, on one-dimensional and ordered metric sets. The analysis starts from the known finite-line gap formula for the exponential kernel, which writes the excess inverse-matrix diversity as a sum of functions of consecutive gaps. Building on this formula, the main interval theorem proves that, for every $k\geq 2$, the unique maximizing $k$-point subset of $[0,1]$ is the equally spaced set. Thus the objective selects a uniform gap representation on the real line. A converse kernel proposition shows that, among normalized non-increasing distance kernels, requiring the corresponding adjacent-gap additive structure forces the exponential family. Further results transfer the interval theorem to ordered $\ell_1$ (L1, or Manhattan) curves by isometry: the maximizing sets are uniform in accumulated $\ell_1$ length. As a consequence, monotone biobjective Pareto fronts admit Solow--Polasky optimal finite approximations that are uniformly spaced in accumulated objective-space change, a natural representation when all parts of a continuous front should be covered. Examples, including a dense connected front and a finite disconnected ZDT3 front, illustrate how the continuous uniform-gap result appears on discrete candidate sets. Solow-Polasky diversity; diversity measures; finite metric magnitude; L1 distance; uniform spacing; Pareto-front approximation; multiobjective optimization; fixed-cardinality subset selection

We study the problem of sampling weighted partial triangulations of a convex polygon. We consider the distribution where each partial triangulation $σ$ is chosen with probability proportional to $λ^{|σ|}$, where $λ>0$ is a model parameter and $|σ|$ denotes the number of diagonals in $σ$. This model belongs to a broad class of weighted geometric partition problems that include lattice triangulations and dyadic tilings, and is closely related to several classical combinatorial structures, including the full triangulations of a convex polygon and the associated Catalan structures. While prior work has largely focused on Markov chain approaches, often only providing suboptimal mixing time bounds, we provide a direct efficient method for exact sampling. Our main result is a randomized algorithm that outputs an exact sample from the target distribution in expected time $O\big((n\sqrtλ+1)\log n\big)$ for all sufficiently large $n$. This provides a nearly optimal sampling algorithm for weighted partial triangulations, offering a compelling alternative to Markov chain-based techniques.

A set cover of a hypergraph $H$ is a set of vertices intersecting every hyperedge. In the minimum sum set cover problem, vertices are selected one by one; each edge pays the position of the first vertex that hits it, and the objective is to minimize the total cost. When $H$ is a graph, this is the minimum sum vertex cover problem. A solution is specified by a set cover $S$ together with an ordering of its vertices. While the classical set cover problem seeks to minimize $|S|$, the minimum sum variant favors covering many edges early and may prefer larger covers. This motivates a natural question: how large can the gap between~$\overrightarrowτ$ and $τ$ be? We prove an upper bound $\overrightarrowτ \le τ\log_{2} \lvert E(H)\rvert$, and show that for any positive~$n$, there exists a hypergraph $H$ on $n + 3$ vertices with $τ=3$ and $\overrightarrowτ=n$. For graphs, we obtain stronger bounds: we prove~$\overrightarrowτ \le 2τ\log_{2} τ$, improving the bound of Liu et al.\ [Theor. Comput. Sci., 2025], and we construct graphs with~$\overrightarrowτ = Ω\left( \frac{τ\log τ}{\log\log τ}\right)$, nearly matching this upper bound. On the algorithmic side, we show that minimum sum set cover is fixed-parameter tractable on bounded-rank hypergraphs, parameterized by~$\overrightarrowτ$, extending the algorithm of Liu et al.\ for graphs (i.e., rank-two hypergraphs).

Biphenylene network (BPN) is a 2D carbon allotrope that exhibits promising potential for applications. In this work, we systematically investigated the adsorption characteristics of Fe atoms on monolayer and bilayer BPN. Structural optimization and adsorption energy analysis reveal that, for monolayer BPN, the average adsorption gradually enhances with increasing Fe coverage, indicating a strengthening of Fe-substrate interactions. The most stable configuration is identified at an Fe/C ratio of 50 %. For bilayer BPN, the energetically preferred adsorption site for Fe atom is located at the center of the interlayer four-membered ring, with an average adsorption energy of -4.3 eV. Mechanical properties are further evaluated for pristine and Fe-decorated BPN. The results demonstrate that monolayer and bilayer BPN possess relatively high in-plane Young's and shear moduli, indicative of excellent in-plane mechanical stability. Fe adsorption is found to have only a minor effect on the in-plane mechanical properties of both monolayer and bilayer BPN, suggesting that the in-plane stiffness is predominantly governed by the intrinsic carbon framework. In contrast, the out-of-plane mechanical response of bilayer BPN is significantly affected by Fe incorporation. The effective out-of-plane elastic constant C33 of pristine bilayer BPN is calculated to be 24.59 GPa, indicating relatively weak interlayer interactions and facile deformation along the out-of-plane direction. Notably, this property can be substantially enhanced by interlayer Fe adsorption, with C33 increasing dramatically to 515.63 GPa upon an Fe/C ratio of 25 %. The calculations on pristine and Fe-decorated BPN reveal pronounced anisotropy in the conductivity, with the value along one direction being significantly higher than that along the other. At 300 K, the overall conductivity is on the order of 10^5 S/m.

As conventional technology scaling approaches physical and power limitations, modern computing systems increasingly face performance bottlenecks arising from memory latency, energy consumption, scalability constraints, and data movement overheads. Simultaneously, emerging workloads such as machine learning, graph analytics, and scientific computing demand memory technologies with higher bandwidth, lower latency, improved energy efficiency, and greater storage density. These challenges have motivated extensive research into both room-temperature memories and cryogenic memory systems targeted toward superconducting and quantum computing platforms. This chapter presents an overview of volatile and non-volatile memory technologies operating across room-temperature and cryogenic environments. The discussion includes SRAM, DRAM, embedded DRAM (eDRAM), NAND/NOR Flash, Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Magneto-resistive Random Access Memory (MRAM), and Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor (FeFET)-based memories. In addition, cryogenic technologies including UTBB-SOI-based pseudo-static storage circuits and Josephson Junction Field-Effect Transistor (JJFET)-based devices are discussed in the context of ultra-low-temperature computing systems. The chapter highlights the operational principles, read/write mechanisms, retention behavior, and tradeoffs among area, performance, scalability, and energy efficiency across these memory technologies, while examining challenges and opportunities for future room-temperature and cryogenic computing architectures.

Electron-positron ($e^{+}e^{-}$) pair creation by vacuum breakdown around compact objects is believed to power high-energy astrophysical transients like gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this work, we focus on vacuum breakdown around a Kerr black hole (BH) immersed in an asymptotically uniform magnetic field that is inclined with respect to the BH spin axis. The dyadoregion, the region where the induced electric field exceeds the critical value $E_{\text{c}}=m_{e}^{2}c^{3}/(e\hbar)$, is identified via the electromagnetic invariants. It is found that the dyadoregion consists of several lobes whose number, size, and orientation vary with the inclination. We also estimate the electromagnetic energy available for pair creation and derive a beaming factor that allows a conversion between the intrinsic dyadoregion energy and the observed isotropic energy. The thermodynamic properties of the resulting electron-positron-photon ($e^{+}e^{-}γ$) plasma are included, revealing an initial magnetic dominance. The evaluation of the minimum magnetic field required shows that misaligned magnetic fields generally favor pair creation more than aligned ones.

Remote quantum batteries require directional and controllable energy transfer between spatially separated quantum nodes, yet most existing protocols rely on direct charger-battery Hamiltonian couplings. Here we propose a phase-tunable waveguide-QED architecture for remote quantum-battery charging, in which a driven charger and a remote battery are coupled solely via engineered waveguide-mediated interference, without any direct local interaction. We systematically compare four configurations: two-giant-emitter and giant-small-emitter hybrids, each with open or mirror-terminated waveguides. By engineering the propagation and coupling phases, the waveguide-mediated coherent exchange interaction and collective dissipation can be balanced to suppress the backward channel while retaining a finite forward channel, thereby realizing cascaded-like unidirectional charging. Our analysis shows that nonreciprocity and storage efficiency can be independently engineered, offering design flexibility for different quantum network scenarios. The giant-small-emitter mirror-terminated configuration simultaneously achieves perfect nonreciprocity and battery-dominated storage, while both giant-small-emitter configurations exhibit distance-insensitive directionality. Extending the scheme to quadratic driving, we show that anomalous second moments render the battery state non-passive, making ergotropy a performance metric distinct from stored energy. These results establish phase-tunable waveguide networks as a versatile platform for remote quantum-energy transfer and provide design principles for directional and work-extractable energy storage in quantum networks.

We investigate semileptonic sum rules in heavy-to-light charm decays, motivated by analogous relations in $b \to c$ and $b \to u$ transitions. Focusing on the $c \to d\overline{\ell}ν$ decays, $D \to π\overline{\ell}ν$, $D \to ρ\overline{\ell}ν$, and $Λ_c \to n\overline{\ell}ν$, we examine a relation among their lepton-flavor universality ratios $R_H^{μe}$. Although the charm sum rule is less precise than the relations in bottom-hadron decays, current low-energy and high-$p_T$ constraints on new physics restrict the actual deviation from the relation to below the percent level. The relation can therefore provide a useful consistency check of charm semileptonic measurements. As an application, we derive a prediction for the yet-unmeasured ratio $R_n^{μe}$ in $Λ_c \to n\overline{\ell}ν$.

Pleochroism is a type of optical anisotropy in which the apparent color of a material varies depending on the polarization and propagation direction of incident light. The oxychloride compound Ca$_3$ReO$_5$Cl$_2$ has recently attracted attention due to its pronounced pleochroism. The paramagnetic state of this compound, characterized by localized Re 5$d$ electrons, is challenging to describe within conventional first-principles methods. In this study, we investigate the optical anisotropy in Ca$_3$ReO$_5$Cl$_2$ using first-principles calculations, with particular focus on the relationship between the optical spectra and electronic states. We employ a ferromagnetically ordered state to effectively capture the localized character of the Re 5$d$ electrons. The calculated dielectric function and absorption coefficient qualitatively reproduce the experimentally observed peak structures. An orbital-resolved analysis indicates that the characteristic optical transitions associated with the pleochroism predominantly involve Re-$d$-dominated electronic states, highlighting the key role of the Re $d$ electrons in the pleochroic optical response of Ca$_3$ReO$_5$Cl$_2$.

Spatially structured dissipation organizes driven quantum matter beyond Hamiltonian control. We show that a dissipation gradient combined with a Stark-induced detuning ramp selects a nonlinear resonance slice in a two-dimensional driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard lattice, producing a pinned density front in generalized Gross-Pitaevskii simulations. The underlying resonance condition fixes the front position, while its Airy-like profile obeys a width scaling set by tunneling stiffness and the effective detuning slope. Treating the front as an emergent interface explains how tuning the selected resonance toward the minimum-loss side yields Peierls-Nabarro depinning steps, discrete transverse pattern locking, spatiotemporal chaos, and minimum-loss localization. Center-of-mass and generalized-imbalance diagnostics map these outcomes into a dynamical phase diagram as detuning-ramp slope and dissipation-gradient strength vary. The results suggest structured dissipation as a mechanism for reconfigurable transport barriers and nonequilibrium interfaces in programmable bosonic lattices.

Multiproposal MCMC (MP-MCMC) algorithms use clouds of proposals to efficiently traverse state spaces and overcome complex target geometries. While MCMC methods are embarrassingly parallel by nature, the non-trivial forms of parallelism provided by the MP-MCMC formalism sometimes leads to significant improvements over a naive approach. Here, one important tuning parameter is the number of proposals p used by a single MP-MCMC iteration. While a number of computational strategies have been proposed to efficiently leverage large numbers of proposals within the MP-MCMC paradigm, much remains unknown about these algorithms, particularly in the large p-regime. In this contribution, we discover surprising results by identifying and studying several promising new methods (Algorithm 1.1, Algorithm 3.3, Algorithm 3.4), ruling out other extant approaches and discovering new relationships between different MP-MCMC methodologies. Our analysis is centered on a general state space multiproposal involutive theory recently constructed by the authors combined with the consideration of the large p-limit kernels for MP-MCMC algorithms within a variety of different classes of proposal and acceptance structures.

Different quantum error correction schemes trade off overhead, error suppression, and hardware connectivity. Code concatenation can relax these tradeoffs by using an outer code whose non-local connectivity is supplied by logical operations of an inner code rather than directly by hardware. Prior works showed that this can reduce memory overhead for local low-rate inner codes such as the surface code. Here, we study concatenation over non-local, high-rate inner codes. Such inner codes experience correlated errors among the many logical qubits in a single codeblock. We handle this by treating each block as a single logical Galois qudit, enabling concatenation with algebraic outer codes with excellent parameters and, crucially, list decoders. In particular, we consider a memory system formed by concatenating quantum Reed-Solomon outer codes over the gross code. For fault-tolerant syndrome extraction, we develop a Galois qudit Shor scheme using "time-like" Reed-Solomon protection against measurement errors. Interestingly, a lightweight fault tolerance scheme, that would fail for qubits, works well for large-alphabet qudits, suggesting a very different theory of fault tolerance for such qudits. The whole protocol is optimised via improved bicycle instruction logical error rates, novel compilation strategies, and recent decoder post-selection rules. At uniform $10^{-3}$ physical noise, the concatenated gross code reaches the teraquop regime, which it previously could not access, with a lower space overhead than the $288$-qubit two-gross code, while offering several advantages from the engineering standpoint. Beyond our main case study, we believe the core ideas of Galois qudits, quantum Reed-Solomon outer codes, and list decoding, will prove generically powerful and highly transferable ideas across high-rate quantum architectures.

The highly dynamic nature of vehicular networks necessitates proactive and site-specific radio resource management (RRM) to achieve ultra-reliable low-latency communications. While Network Digital Twins (NDTs) have emerged as a promising enabler, ray-tracing remains time-consuming, challenging accurate RRM under latency constraints. We propose AdaPTwin, an adaptive multi-fidelity predictive NDT for proactive and latency-aware RRM in vehicular networks. Unlike single- and multi-fidelity NDTs with fixed fidelity levels, AdaPTwin dynamically adjusts NDT fidelity based on network conditions. The framework adopts a hierarchical cloud-edge architecture, where computationally intensive fidelity selection is performed periodically in the cloud, and the proactive RRM loop operates in real-time at the edge. The edge-based proactive RRM task consists of channel prediction between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) via trajectory forecasting and look-ahead ray tracing, followed by RRM execution. A transformer model enhanced with continual and transfer learning enables vehicular trajectory prediction while adapting to new environments and traffic patterns. Ray-tracing is performed using NVIDIA Sionna by exploiting a dynamically updated virtual environment to ensure realistic radio propagation within the NDT. Furthermore, a joint RSU beamforming and vehicle-RSU association problem is formulated to maximize proportionally fair sum-rate, and it is efficiently solved using a scalable multi-start iterative coordinate descent algorithm. Comparisons against reactive, single-fidelity, and non-adaptive predictive NDTs under realistic vehicular conditions confirm that AdaPTwin successfully adapts to diverse scenarios where other frameworks fail. Ultimately, AdaPTwin achieves up to 90% sum-rate gain and 80% outage probability reduction compared to non-adaptive NDTs, while maintaining real-time performance.

We study the Lawn Mowing Problem restricted to periodic billiard paths in the unit square. Given the combinatorial data of a trajectory, we determine the optimal covering radius, and identify the shortest path that covers the square for any fixed blade radius.

We demonstrate the existence of quasiconformal mappings on closed manifolds that cannot be decomposed as a composition of mappings with arbitrarily small conformal distortion.

Orbital debris is a pressing problem which presents a danger to global space operations and a barrier to continued development of the space economy and space infrastructure. As research continues regarding orbital debris, there is a need for tools to understand the system-level implications of orbital debris solutions. This research considers the orbital debris problem as a dynamic process. Based on dynamic system theories, time-series variables of the numbers of orbital debris, orbital objects, and object launches should be causally linked, which means they share a common system attractor manifold. We propose a data-driven method based on complexity science to reconstruct a shadow attractor of the dynamic system using limited observable variables. The reconstructed shadow attractor helps us to understand the fundamental system dynamics for orbital debris and enables us to simulate the future of the orbital debris system based on changes to policy. These findings represent a significant advancement in our ability to understand high level impacts of space system policy with limited data available.

Coordinate-conditioned neural networks can generate head-tracked personal sound zone (PSZ) loudspeaker filters in real time, but they are sensitive to localization uncertainty. Small fluctuations in estimated listener coordinates, caused by optical distortion, temporary occlusions, or tracking jitter, may produce large filter changes even when listeners are physically stationary. This paper proposes neighbor-consistent neural filters that regularize the coordinate-to-filter mapping by penalizing filter differences at randomly perturbed neighboring coordinates during training. To evaluate robustness against tracking noise, we introduce a decoupled protocol that fixes the acoustic transfer functions at a physical anchor while perturbing only the coordinate inputs used for filter generation. Isolation quality and local stability are evaluated using neighborhood median and lower-tail statistics of inter-zone and inter-program isolation, together with spatial variation rates that quantify metric sensitivity within a coordinate neighborhood. In simulation with a split-band woofer-tweeter system and 25 randomly sampled anchor positions, neighbor consistency reduces the root-mean-square (RMS) variation rate by up to 55.9% in the woofer band and 30.3% in the tweeter band while largely preserving isolation quality and improving lower-tail robustness. In in-situ measurements using a 24-driver array and two stationary head-and-torso simulators, the proposed regularization improves worst-case neighborhood isolation by up to 16.9% and reduces spatial variation rates by up to 61.8%. These results demonstrate that neighbor-consistency regularization effectively stabilizes PSZ rendering under localization uncertainty.

In this work we studied a generalized Fisher equation in cylindrical coordinate using Lie symmetry method. We have determined for what type of source function the generalized Fisher equation has Lie Symmetries other than time translation symmetry when the diffusion function is given by an exponential function. Also the reduced ordinary differential equations are obtained corresponding to Lie symmetries of the generalized Fisher equation.

Waveguide cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) with atomic mirrors is a growing research area of quantum optics and can be applied to quantum information processing. We here study the photon statistics of output fields from a waveguide cavity QED system, in which the waveguide is coupled to quantized mirror atoms and one driven medium atom. Our results show that the photon blockade can occur even for a bad atom cavity with large dissipation and small coupling between the medium atom and the cavity, in contrast to the small dissipation and the strong coupling of the medium atom to the cavity field for the conventional photon blockade or the quantum interference for the unconventional photon blockade in the cavity QED system. Utilizing both the master equation and scattering theories, we derive the condition under which the photon blockade occurs in weakly driven systems. We find that such photon anomalous blockade is due to the quantum Zeno effect and is robust against variations of the medium atom's position within the cavity. Our study paves a way to exploit the photon blockade and single-photon devices via the waveguide cavity QED.